Two Palates, One Passion—Uncorking Wisdom, One Article at a Time!

SOMM&SOMM

Category: Tasting Insights

  • Game Day Grub and Grapes

    Game Day Grub and Grapes

    Winning Wine and Cocktail Pairings for Your October Tailgate.

    October is here, and so are the cravings for heartier dishes that match the brisk air, camaraderie, and weekend football gatherings. As tailgaters fire up their grills and slow-cookers, classic fare like chili, wings, ribs, and stews become the go-to choices for feeding a crowd. But let’s take these crowd-pleasers to the next level with the perfect wine pairings and a couple of cocktails sure to score big at your next tailgate.

    Wine and Food Pairings for Hearty Tailgate Dishes

    Bowl of Game Day Chili – Carstor, CC BY-SA 2.5 via Wikimedia Commons
    Photo by Eddie Ortiz on Pexels.com

    Spicy Chili + Zinfandel or Off-Dry Riesling
    Few things warm the soul like a steaming bowl of chili on a crisp October afternoon. Whether you’re loading up on beef, beans, or going for a veggie version, chili’s complex layers of flavor (and spice) call for a wine that can keep pace.

    • Zinfandel: The go-to for those who love bold, fruity reds. Zinfandel’s ripe blackberries, raspberries, and touch of sweet spice tame the heat and complement chili’s smoky notes from cumin, paprika, and charred peppers. Avoid the overly jammy versions; seek out ones with balanced acidity to cut through the richness.
    • Off-Dry Riesling: For those craving a white, Riesling’s delicate sweetness and vibrant acidity act as a cooling agent for chili’s heat. The natural sugars help counterbalance the spice, while the lime zest and apricot flavors offer a refreshing contrast.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2021 Seghesio Cortina Zinfandel

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2021 Dr. Loosen Erdener Treppchen Riesling Spatlese

    Pulled Pork – Thogru, CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    BBQ Pulled Pork + Syrah
    Pulled pork, whether slathered in a tangy BBQ sauce or slow-cooked with a hint of smokiness, begs for a wine with enough depth to match the savory goodness.

    • Syrah: This bold red offers the structure and body to complement the layers of flavors in pulled pork. Syrah’s black pepper, smoky bacon, and dark fruit notes accentuate the savory spices and richness of the meat. If you’re using a sweeter sauce, pick a Syrah with less oak and more fruit-forward notes to balance the flavors.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2021 Chateau de Saint Cosme Crozes-Hermitage

    Beef Stew – jeffreyw, CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    Hearty Beef Stew + Malbec
    A tailgate classic, beef stew’s hearty, comforting qualities demand a wine that can stand up to the richness of slow-cooked beef, root vegetables, and herbs.

    • Malbec: With its deep plum, black cherry, and cocoa flavors, Malbec’s tannins help cut through the richness, while the wine’s inherent juiciness complements the stew’s savory profile. Argentine Malbec, in particular, works wonders here with its earthy undertones and subtle hints of spice.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2020 Catena Alta Malbec

    Photo by Sergio Arreola on Pexels.com

    Spicy Buffalo Wings + Sparkling Wine
    Buffalo wings are a game-day favorite, but pairing these spicy bites with alcohol can be tricky. Higher-alcohol wines or cocktails can intensify the heat, leaving your mouth on fire instead of enjoying the flavors. So, what’s the solution?

    • Sparkling Wine: The crisp bubbles in a dry sparkling wine or Prosecco serve as a delightful counterpoint to the fiery sauce. The acidity and effervescence cleanse the palate, while a hint of fruit sweetness from the wine helps balance the heat. Plus, let’s face it: bubbles make everything more festive.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: LaLuca Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore

    The Challenge of Pairing Wine with Spicy Foods

    Spicy game day favorites like Buffalo wings, hot sausages, and jalapeño-laden nachos can make pairing a challenge because alcohol intensifies the sensation of heat. Wines with high tannins or elevated alcohol content (think Cabernet Sauvignon or Shiraz) can exacerbate the burn, turning what should be a delightful pairing into a flavor clash. That’s why it’s essential to look for wines with lower alcohol, higher acidity, and a touch of sweetness to help balance the heat. When in doubt, sparkling wines or slightly off-dry whites are safe bets.

    Tailgate-Ready Cocktails

    Spicy Margarita
    No tailgate is complete without a margarita twist. This Spicy Margarita brings the heat but balances it with zesty citrus and a touch of sweetness.

    Ingredients:

    • 2 oz silver tequila (or mezcal for a smoky twist)
    • 1 oz lime juice
    • 1 oz orange liqueur (Cointreau or triple sec)
    • ½ oz agave syrup (adjust to taste)
    • 2 slices jalapeño
    • Tajín seasoning for the rim (optional)

    Instructions:

    • Rub a lime wedge around the rim of your glass and dip in Tajín seasoning.
    • Muddle the jalapeño slices in a shaker.
    • Add tequila, lime juice, orange liqueur, and agave syrup. Shake with ice until well-chilled.
    • Strain into a glass with ice and garnish with a slice of jalapeño.

    The spicy kick pairs beautifully with anything from wings to grilled sausages, while the citrusy tang provides a refreshing balance to richer dishes.

    Autumn Bourbon Cider
    For a cozy cocktail that’s sure to please, this bourbon-based concoction pairs beautifully with tailgate classics like BBQ or burgers.

    Ingredients:

    • 2 oz bourbon
    • 4 oz apple cider (preferably fresh)
    • ½ oz lemon juice
    • Dash of cinnamon or nutmeg
    • Apple slice for garnish

    Instructions:

    • In a shaker, combine bourbon, apple cider, lemon juice, and cinnamon with ice.
    • Shake well and strain into a glass with ice.
    • Garnish with an apple slice and a cinnamon stick.

    The warm flavors of bourbon and spiced apple are perfect for cooler weather and pair effortlessly with fall favorites like pulled pork sandwiches or chili.

    Final Play: What Not to Do

    Avoid pairing your spicy wings, chili, or sausage with high-alcohol wines or spirits unless you enjoy setting your mouth on fire! Alcohol intensifies capsaicin—the active ingredient in chili peppers—which can make already spicy dishes unbearable. So, when serving dishes with a lot of heat, think low alcohol, high flavor—your palate will thank you.

    Whether it’s bold, fruity Zinfandels for chili or refreshing bubbles for wings, pairing the right wine or cocktail can take your tailgate game to the next level. Here’s to cooler weather, warmer food, and winning combinations🍷

  • A Sommelier’s Guide to Elevating Plant-Based Cuisine

    A Sommelier’s Guide to Elevating Plant-Based Cuisine

    Pairing wine with vegan dishes presents unique challenges, primarily due to the absence of animal-derived ingredients like fat, proteins, and umami-rich components such as cheese or meat, which traditionally enhance the mouthfeel and balance of certain wines. However, with a scientific understanding of flavor chemistry and a sommelier’s intuition, we can create pairings that elevate the vegan dining experience, balancing acidity, tannins, sweetness, and texture in ways that complement plant-based dishes.

    Photo by Fuzzy Rescue on Pexels.com
    Photo by Lisa Fotios on Pexels.com
    Photo by BULBFISH on Pexels.com

    Lack of Fat and Proteins

    Animal proteins and fats help soften the perception of tannins in wine, creating a smoother mouthfeel. Without these components, high-tannin wines can feel overly astringent when paired with vegan dishes. Therefore, lower-tannin reds or those with softer, more integrated tannins are preferable.

    Recommended Wine: Pinot Noir (Vegan-certified)

    • Reasoning: Pinot Noir’s lower tannin structure and bright acidity make it a versatile partner for many vegan dishes, especially those with earthy components.
    • Dish Pairing: Roasted Beet and Walnut Salad with Balsamic Reduction. The earthiness of beets and walnuts echoes the subtle complexity of the Pinot Noir, while the acidity of the balsamic reduction aligns with the wine’s vibrant structure.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2022 Hahn Founder’s Pinot Noir V22

    Umami Deficiency

    Animal-based dishes often contain high levels of umami, which balances out tannins and acidity. Vegan dishes, while lower in umami, can still develop it through ingredients like mushrooms, miso, soy sauce, and fermented foods.

    Recommended Wine: Chianti Classico (Sangiovese) (Vegan-certified)

    • Reasoning: Chianti Classico offers moderate tannins and bright acidity, with notes of cherry and tomato that complement umami-rich plant-based foods. Its savory character matches well with the umami derived from mushrooms or soy-based dishes.
    • Dish Pairing: Miso-glazed Grilled Portobello Mushrooms. The umami from the miso and mushrooms harmonizes with the rustic, earthy notes of Sangiovese, while the wine’s acidity cuts through the richness of the glaze.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2021 Querciabella Chianti Classico

    Acidity and Freshness

    Many vegan dishes are vegetable-forward, emphasizing fresh, raw, or lightly cooked ingredients with high acidity. Wines with balanced acidity are crucial to avoid overwhelming these delicate flavors.

    Recommended Wine: Sauvignon Blanc (Vegan-certified)

    • Reasoning: Sauvignon Blanc is known for its crisp, zesty acidity, which matches well with the fresh, green flavors often found in vegan dishes. Its herbal notes also complement dishes that feature herbs, citrus, or green vegetables.
    • Dish Pairing: Avocado and Citrus Salad with Arugula and Mint. The bright, tangy flavors in this dish are mirrored in the Sauvignon Blanc’s lime and green apple notes, while its acidity contrasts the richness of avocado.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2023 Justin Sauvignon Blanc

    Spice and Heat

    Many plant-based dishes feature spices, which can be challenging for wine pairings. Spice amplifies the perception of alcohol, so lower-alcohol, fruit-forward wines with a touch of sweetness often work best with spicier vegan dishes.

    Recommended Wine: Riesling (Off-dry) (Vegan-certified)

    • Reasoning: Off-dry Riesling has just enough sweetness to counterbalance the heat in spicy dishes while offering bright acidity to keep the palate refreshed. Its fruit-forward profile softens the impact of spices.
    • Dish Pairing: Spicy Thai Green Curry with Tofu. The slight sweetness and acidity in Riesling tame the curry’s heat while enhancing its complex flavors of lemongrass, coconut, and lime.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2022 Dr. Loosen Erdener Treppchen Riesling Kabinett

    Texture and Body

    Many vegan dishes, especially those using grains, legumes, or root vegetables, have substantial texture but lack the rich body of animal-based fats. Wines with texture and body are necessary to complement these heartier components without overwhelming them.

    Recommended Wine: Chenin Blanc (Sec) (Vegan-certified)

    • Reasoning: Chenin Blanc can have a rich, creamy texture while maintaining refreshing acidity. This makes it ideal for pairing with hearty vegan dishes that have substantial texture but are lower in fat.
    • Dish Pairing: Butternut Squash Risotto with Sage and Cashew Cream. The creaminess of the dish is enhanced by the wine’s textured body, while its acidity keeps the pairing from feeling overly rich.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2023 Domaine Vigneau Chevreau Vouvray Cuvee Silex Sec

    Sweetness and Dessert Pairings

    Vegan desserts often use natural sweeteners, and the absence of dairy can make them feel lighter. Pairing vegan desserts with wine requires a delicate balance, ensuring the wine is sweeter than the dish to avoid bitter or sour clashes.

    Recommended Wine: Moscato d’Asti (Vegan-certified)

    • Reasoning: Moscato d’Asti is a lightly sparkling, sweet wine with low alcohol content, making it ideal for pairing with fruit-based or lightly sweet vegan desserts. Its bright acidity prevents the pairing from feeling cloying.
    • Dish Pairing: Almond Milk Panna Cotta with Fresh Berries. The delicate sweetness of Moscato complements the panna cotta, while the wine’s effervescence adds an element of freshness to balance the richness.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2022 Saracco Moscato d’Asti

    What Makes Vegan-certified Wine… well, Vegan?

    Vegan-certified wine is distinct from conventional wine in its production process, specifically during clarification and fining, where traditional animal-derived agents are avoided. Most wines go through a fining process to remove unwanted particles, proteins, and other compounds that can cloud the wine or affect its flavor. Traditionally, winemakers have used substances like egg whites (albumin), casein (milk protein), gelatin (animal protein), and isinglass (fish bladder) as fining agents. These substances bind to the unwanted particles and help filter them out, but since they are derived from animals, they render the wine unsuitable for vegans.

    In vegan-certified wine, plant-based or mineral fining agents are used instead. These include materials like bentonite (a type of clay), activated charcoal, pea protein, and silica gel, which effectively clarify the wine without the use of animal by-products. Some winemakers may even skip the fining process entirely, opting for a natural sedimentation approach that allows particles to settle over time, leading to unfiltered, often more complex wines that still meet vegan standards.

    To ensure that a wine is truly vegan, it must be certified by organizations that confirm no animal products were used in any part of the production process. This extends beyond fining to include other elements, such as ensuring animal-derived materials weren’t used in vineyard fertilizers or in the production of additives like colorants. Vegan-certified wines allow consumers to enjoy a high-quality product while staying true to their ethical or dietary choices.

    Photo by Valeria Boltneva on Pexels.com

    Pairing vegan dishes with wine is a delicate dance of balancing acidity, texture, and flavor, compensating for the absence of animal fats and proteins by focusing on the structure and nuances of both food and wine. By understanding the scientific interactions between these elements, you can create harmonious pairings that elevate both the vegan dish and the wine. Cheers 🍷

    Cover photo credit: Photo by ready made on Pexels.com

  • The Organoleptic Process

    The Organoleptic Process

    A Deep Dive into this Important Process for Wine Classification.

    Organoleptic screening, a sensory evaluation involving sight, smell, taste, and sometimes texture, is one of the most crucial and fascinating steps in the classification of top-tier wines. This process plays a vital role in determining a wine’s eligibility for prestigious labels such as Italy’s Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) and Spain’s Denominación de Origen Calificada (DOCa). Through rigorous sensory testing, these wines are evaluated not just for adherence to technical standards but for their ability to embody the qualities expected from their appellation and vintage.

    Merlot Evaluation – Bradley Cooper, CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    The Origins of Organoleptic Screening

    The term “organoleptic” stems from the Greek words “organon” (organ) and “leptikos” (sensitive). In essence, it refers to the human sensory faculties used to perceive and evaluate products like wine. This process has roots in early agricultural societies, where farmers and winemakers relied on their senses to judge the quality of their products.

    However, it wasn’t until the 20th century that formal regulatory frameworks began incorporating organoleptic screening into legal systems governing wine classifications. Today, this subjective sensory evaluation complements objective chemical analysis, offering a holistic assessment of wine quality.

    Countries and Regions Using Organoleptic Testing

    Several prominent wine-producing countries use organoleptic screening as part of their classification systems. These include:

    Italy – DOCG

    Italy’s Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) is the highest classification for Italian wines. Before receiving the DOCG label, wines must pass rigorous organoleptic testing to ensure they meet the sensory standards expected of their region and vintage. Key regions include Barolo and Brunello di Montalcino, where producers must submit samples for sensory evaluation by a panel of experts before release.

    Spain – DOCa (Rioja and Priorat)

    In Spain, the Denominación de Origen Calificada (DOCa) is a step above the regular DO classification. Currently, only Rioja and Priorat hold the DOCa designation. Wines from these regions are subject to organoleptic screening to confirm they meet the stringent quality standards for flavor profile, aroma, balance, and typicity.

    France – AOC (Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée)

    Though not officially named “organoleptic” testing, France’s Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (AOC) system employs similar sensory evaluation protocols. Regions like Burgundy and Bordeaux have regulatory bodies that conduct tastings to ensure the wines reflect the terroir and meet the stylistic expectations associated with their appellation.

    Portugal – Tawny Port

    One of the most interesting applications of organoleptic screening occurs with tawny ports in Portugal. Here, the process is used to determine the perceived age of the port (e.g., 10 years, 20 years, 30 years, 40 years). This assessment is highly subjective, relying on the expert palates of a tasting panel to judge the port’s maturity, complexity, and aging characteristics. While chemical analysis can help, it is the organoleptic judgment that ultimately determines if a tawny port can be labeled as a specific age.

    Evaluating Wine – Christina Snyder, CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    The Organoleptic Process: How It Works

    The organoleptic screening typically consists of several key steps:

    Sensory Evaluation:

    Wine samples are subjected to a sensory analysis that evaluates four key characteristics:

    • Sight: Appearance and clarity of the wine, including color, viscosity, and any potential faults.
    • Smell: Aromatic profile, including intensity and complexity of fruit, floral, earthy, and other scents.
    • Taste: Balance of flavors, acidity, sweetness, tannins, alcohol, and the overall harmony of the wine.
    • Mouthfeel/Texture: How the wine feels in the mouth, including body, weight, and structure.

    Panel Composition:

    Organoleptic evaluations are typically conducted by panels of trained wine tasters. These committees often consist of winemakers, sommeliers, wine educators, and occasionally oenologists. They bring a blend of expertise and practical experience to the process. The panel size can vary but often includes 5 to 10 individuals, ensuring a range of perspectives while maintaining consistency.

    Standardized Protocols:

    To minimize subjectivity, these panels follow standardized tasting protocols. Wines are usually tasted blind, with no information on the producer or vintage, ensuring an unbiased evaluation. The panel uses score sheets to rate the wine on various sensory dimensions, with threshold scores required for the wine to pass.

    The Importance of Organoleptic Screening

    Organoleptic testing serves several critical functions in the wine classification process:

    Upholding Regional Identity

    The primary purpose of organoleptic screening is to ensure that a wine accurately reflects the qualities expected from its appellation. This is particularly important for prestigious regions like Barolo or Rioja, where consumers expect a certain flavor profile and stylistic consistency across vintages.

    Ensuring Quality Control

    Organoleptic testing adds a human element to quality control that complements chemical analysis. While laboratory testing can confirm technical aspects like alcohol content or sulfite levels, it cannot assess the overall sensory experience of the wine. Human tasters can identify subtle faults or imbalances that a machine might miss.

    Protecting the Consumer

    Consumers rely on labels like DOCG or DOCa as markers of quality. Organoleptic screening ensures that wines carrying these labels meet the high standards associated with them, protecting consumers from subpar products that may damage the reputation of an entire region.

    Tawny Port – Jon Sullivan, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

    Tawny Port: Organoleptic Evaluation for Perceived Age

    Tawny port, a style of aged fortified wine from Portugal, provides a fascinating case study in the use of organoleptic testing. Unlike vintage ports, which are made from a single year’s harvest and aged in the bottle, tawny ports are aged in wooden barrels. As they age, tawny ports develop complex flavors and aromas, including notes of caramel, dried fruit, nuts, and spice.

    One of the defining features of tawny port is its labeled age designation—commonly 10 years, 20 years, 30 years, or 40 years. These age designations do not refer to the exact age of the wine, but rather the perceived average age based on the sensory experience of the taster.

    During organoleptic screening, tasters evaluate the tawny port for its:

    • Color: Aged tawny ports tend to shift from ruby hues to amber or brown.
    • Aroma: As tawny ports age, they lose primary fruit aromas and develop more oxidative, nutty, and caramelized notes.
    • Flavor Profile: The complexity of the wine increases with age, with older tawny ports displaying greater depth, balance, and a lingering finish.

    The panel’s subjective assessment of the wine’s age is based on how these sensory factors evolve over time. For example, a tawny port labeled as “30 Years” must present the characteristics expected of a port with three decades of aging.

    SOMM&SOMM Related Article: The History, Tradition, and Elegance of Port WIne

    Qualifications of Regulatory Committees

    The qualifications of the individuals on these panels are critical to the success of the organoleptic process. Members typically possess deep experience in the wine industry, often holding roles as winemakers, oenologists, sommeliers, or wine educators. Many have undergone formal sensory training to hone their tasting skills. In some cases, panelists must pass certification exams or undergo additional training specific to the appellation or classification system they are evaluating.

    Panelists are expected to be:

    • Objective: Able to set aside personal preferences and judge the wine according to its typicity and quality.
    • Experienced: Years of tasting experience are essential to develop the ability to detect subtle nuances in the wine.
    • Calibrated: Panel members often taste wines together before formal evaluations to calibrate their senses and ensure consistent judgments.

    The organoleptic process is a cornerstone of the world’s top wine classification systems. It ensures that wines carrying labels such as DOCG, DOCa, and AOC reflect the qualities expected from their appellation and meet rigorous quality standards. In the case of tawny port, organoleptic screening is used to determine the perceived age of the wine, adding a layer of complexity to the evaluation process. Ultimately, this subjective testing plays a critical role in preserving the integrity of prestigious wine regions and providing consumers with confidence in the wines they choose. Cheers 🍷

    Cover Photo Credit: William Lawrence, CC BY-SA 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

  • Why Cabernet Sauvignon Pairs Perfectly with Steak

    Why Cabernet Sauvignon Pairs Perfectly with Steak

    The Science and Art of a Classic Pairing.

    Cabernet Sauvignon is known for its robust structure, high tannins, and full-bodied nature, which makes it a perfect pairing for steak. The science behind this lies in how the components of both the wine and the meat interact:

    • Tannins and Fat: Tannins, naturally occurring polyphenols in wine, bind to proteins. In a bold Cabernet Sauvignon, the high tannin content interacts with the rich fat of a steak, essentially softening the perception of tannins. Fat coats the mouth and mitigates the drying or astringent sensation of tannins, making the wine taste smoother.
    • Acidity and Protein: The acidity of Cabernet Sauvignon also plays a key role. A well-balanced Cabernet often has enough acidity to cut through the richness of the meat, particularly with fattier cuts like ribeye. This creates a harmonious balance where the wine refreshes the palate between bites, amplifying the savory flavors of the meat.
    • Intensity of Flavors: Cabernet Sauvignon, especially those from warmer climates, exhibits strong black fruit flavors (blackberry, cassis) along with earthy, herbaceous, and sometimes even smoky notes. Steak, especially when grilled or charred, mirrors this intensity with caramelized and umami-rich flavors, resulting in an elevation of both the food and wine.
    Photo by Jep Gambardella on Pexels.com

    Leveraging the Experience of Others

    Keeping an open mind when exploring wine pairings is essential, as it fosters a deeper appreciation for the diversity of flavors and combinations available. Discussions and debates about pairings often arise because everyone’s palate and experiences are unique. What works for one person might not resonate with another, and that’s the beauty of food and wine.

    Including perspectives like Scott White’s in this article highlights the value of differing viewpoints. His expertise with California Cabernets, for example, brings a unique lens to the table, reminding us that experimentation can uncover unexpected and delightful pairings. Scott and Alison White’s wine pairing dinners are epic. The Five Decade Chateau Montelena Wine Pairing Dinner was over the top.

    This diversity of thought enriches the overall understanding of the science and art of pairing.

    Gregory Dean, SOMM&SOMM

    Specific Cuts of Steak and Cabernet Pairings

    Photo by Nano Erdozain on Pexels.com
    Ribeye
    • Characteristics: A ribeye is richly marbled with fat, making it one of the most flavorful and tender cuts. The high fat content is perfectly suited to the strong tannins of Cabernet Sauvignon, particularly a bold Napa Cab.
    • Why It Works: The fat cuts the astringency of the wine, while the wine’s acidity and bold flavors counterbalance the richness of the steak. The char from grilling also complements the smoky, spicy, and earthy undertones of the wine.
    • Recommendation: Choose a Cabernet with some age on it to soften the tannins further and allow the wine’s tertiary characteristics (like leather and cedar) to pair with the steak’s charred exterior.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2019 Nickel & Nickel Quicksilver Vineyard Cabernet Sauvignon, Rutherford

    Scott White Recommends: 2021 Central Park West Cabernet Sauvignon

    Scott's Notes: "For me wine pairing is often all about the sauce. 

    But in the case of big flavored beef like ribeye or even NY strip the sauce is secondary. The beef usually is still the dominant flavor profile.

    For me its more about the fat content. 

    So ribeye or NY strip needs a big, high tannin + acid cab... Like Trinchero Central Park West or St Francis Lagomarsino"
    New York Strip
    • Characteristics: A New York Strip has less fat than a ribeye but is still marbled enough to provide a good balance between tenderness and flavor.
    • Why It Works: With its slightly leaner profile, this cut benefits from a Cabernet Sauvignon with firm tannins and a more pronounced fruit-forward profile. A younger, fruit-driven Cab can bring out the savory qualities of the meat while still taming the wine’s tannins.
    • Recommendation: A fruit-forward Cab from a region like Paso Robles with more pronounced black cherry and plum notes will enhance the meat’s natural sweetness while balancing the firmness of the cut.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2021 DAOU Soul of a Lion Cabernet Sauvignon

    Scott White Recommends: 2018 St Francis Lagomarsino Russian River Valley

    Filet Mignon
    • Characteristics: Known for its tenderness rather than its flavor, filet mignon has very little fat and a more subtle beefy profile.
    • Why It Works (or Doesn’t): The lean nature of filet mignon requires a different approach. A high-tannin wine can overpower the delicacy of this cut. Instead, a softer Cabernet Sauvignon, perhaps one with some Merlot blended in or one that has been aged to mellow out the tannins, can provide enough structure without overwhelming the meat.
    • Recommendation: Consider a Bordeaux-style Cabernet blend where the softer fruit and mellow tannins complement the lean nature of the filet without overpowering it.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2021 Chateau Lecuyer Pomerol

    Scott White Recommends: 2019 Mondavi PNX Pinot Noir Carneros

    Scott's Notes: "Filet and to lesser extent sirloin has to be more subtle. Maybe some herbaceous notes like your old friend Silver Oak Alexander Valley. Especially with a chimichurri type sauce.  

    I would lean more to pinot for filet. I know thats a safer bet.  I'm ok with traditional pairings."
    Sommelier and host, Scott White, serving sparkling wine from a Methuselah (6-liter bottle)

    When to Consider Other Wines

    While Cabernet Sauvignon works beautifully with most steaks, certain situations call for different wines:

    • Lean Cuts: For leaner cuts like a flank steak or sirloin, consider a wine with lower tannins and more acidity, such as a Zinfandel or Syrah. These wines bring more fruit and spice to the pairing, complementing leaner, tougher cuts that benefit from a little more juiciness in the glass.
    • Delicate Preparations: If your steak is served with a light sauce or prepared sous vide, the boldness of Cabernet may overpower the dish. Opt for a more restrained wine like a Pinot Noir or even a Tempranillo, which offers depth but with a lighter touch on the palate.

    Hypothetical Pairings for the Adventurous Foodie

    Seared Duck Breast – Navin75, CC BY-SA 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    Seared Duck Breast with Cabernet Sauvignon

    • Why It Works: Duck breast is rich and flavorful, similar to steak but with a gamier profile. A high-tannin Cabernet will cut through the duck’s fattiness, and the wine’s dark fruit (blackberry, plum) will highlight the duck’s inherent sweetness. The charred crust from searing complements the wine’s earthy, smoky undertones.
    • Twist: Add a cherry reduction sauce to echo the wine’s fruit character, creating an enhanced balance between the dish and the glass.

    Braised Short Ribs with Cabernet Franc

    • Why It Works: Short ribs are deeply flavorful and benefit from slow braising. Cabernet Franc, while less tannic than Cabernet Sauvignon, still provides enough structure to stand up to the richness of the meat. Its herbal and green pepper notes will contrast beautifully with the umami richness of the short ribs.
    • Twist: Consider serving the short ribs with a dark chocolate mole sauce to play off the wine’s earthy and cocoa-like finish.

    Lamb Shoulder with Cabernet Sauvignon

    • Why It Works: Lamb, especially a well-marbled shoulder, is rich, earthy, and slightly gamey, which pairs excellently with the tannins of a Cabernet Sauvignon. The wine’s herbal notes (like sage or thyme) echo the common herb seasonings of lamb.
    • Twist: Serve the lamb with a mint pesto or herbaceous chimichurri to highlight the green, herbal elements in the wine, creating a refreshing balance with the richness of the meat.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: 2020 Silver Oak Alexander Valley

    Scott White Recommends: 2019 Chateau Montelena Estate Cabernet Sauvignon

    Spicy Korean BBQ Beef Short Ribs with Syrah

    • Why It Works: The bold, spicy, and umami-rich flavors of Korean BBQ (gochujang, soy sauce, sesame oil) can overpower a typical Cabernet. Instead, Syrah’s spiciness, smoky undertones, and black fruit character make it a perfect match for the dish’s intense flavors.
    • Twist: The slight pepperiness of Syrah complements the heat of the BBQ, while its softer tannins keep the pairing from becoming overwhelming.
    Five Decade Chateau Montelena Wine Pairing Dinner

    Special thanks to fellow wine enthusiast, Scott White, for his unique perspective and insight into the art of the perfect pairing. These adventurous pairings demonstrate the interplay between fat, tannins, acidity, and flavor intensity. Understanding the science behind food and wine interactions allows sommeliers to push boundaries and craft unique, delicious experiences for the curious palate. Cheers🍷

    Cover photo credit: Photo by Farhad Ibrahimzade on Pexels.com

  • Wine and Food Pairing Adventures

    Wine and Food Pairing Adventures

    Unconventional Pairings and Expert Tips.

    When it comes to pairing wine with food, many people stick to traditional rules: red wine with red meat, white wine with fish, and so on. But the world of wine and food pairing is vast and exciting, with endless possibilities for adventurous pairings that can elevate both the wine and the food. In this article, we’ll explore unconventional pairings, delve into the art of contrasting vs. complementing flavors, and provide practical recommendations for different budgets and scenarios where individuals at a single table are enjoying different dishes (always a challenge).

    Photo by fauxels on Pexels.com

    Understanding the Basics

    When pairing wine with food, there are two primary approaches:

    1. Complementing Pairings: This method involves matching the flavors and textures of the wine and the dish to create harmony. For instance, a buttery Chardonnay complements a creamy lobster bisque because the wine’s texture mirrors the richness of the soup.
    2. Contrasting Pairings: This approach brings together opposing flavors to create a delightful balance. A classic example is pairing a crisp, acidic Sauvignon Blanc with a rich goat cheese salad. The acidity of the wine cuts through the creaminess of the cheese, creating a refreshing contrast.

    Both methods have their merits, and the choice between them often depends on the desired dining experience. Complementing pairings offer a sense of unity, while contrasting pairings provide dynamic tension and complexity.

    Unconventional Pairings with Ethnic Cuisines and Comfort Foods

    Let’s explore some unexpected pairings that bring out the best in both the wine and the dish.

    Sushi Class at the 2016 Swan and Dolphin Food & Wine Classic

    Sushi and Sake’s Surprising Substitute: Riesling

    While sake is often the go-to beverage for sushi, a semi-dry Riesling can offer a delightful twist. The wine’s acidity and hint of sweetness balance the umami flavors of fresh fish, soy sauce, and wasabi. A German Riesling with bright citrus notes and a touch of minerality can enhance the delicate flavors of sashimi, while the slight sweetness can tame the heat of wasabi and ginger.

    Budget Tip: Look for a Kabinett or Feinherb Riesling from the Mosel region, which offers excellent quality at a reasonable price.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends (under $20): Selbach Riesling Tradition Kabinett Feinherb 2019

    Thai Food and Off-Dry Gewürztraminer

    Thai cuisine is known for its complex balance of sweet, sour, salty, and spicy flavors. An off-dry Gewürztraminer with its aromatic profile of lychee, rose petal, and spice can complement the sweetness of coconut milk and counterbalance the spiciness of Thai curries. The slight sweetness in the wine also pairs well with dishes featuring fresh herbs like cilantro and mint.

    Budget Tip: Gewürztraminer from Alsace or even from regions like California or New Zealand can offer good value while maintaining the wine’s signature aromatic profile.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends (under $20): Willm Reserve Gewürztraminer 2021

    Indian Curries and Sparkling Rosé

    Sparkling wine, particularly a Rosé, is an unexpected yet fantastic match for Indian curries. The bubbles help cleanse the palate, while the wine’s acidity cuts through the richness of the curry sauce. A dry or semi-dry sparkling Rosé can complement both mild dishes, like butter chicken, and spicier ones, like vindaloo. The red fruit notes in the Rosé add a layer of flavor that enhances the spices without overpowering them.

    Budget Tip: Cava from Spain or a Prosecco Rosé from Italy offers a cost-effective alternative to Champagne, bringing bubbles and acidity that work wonders with curry dishes.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends (under $20): La Marca Prosecco Rose 2023

    Photo by Pablo Macedo on Pexels.com

    Pizza and Lambrusco: A Match Made in Italy

    Pairing wine with pizza is an adventure in itself, given the endless variety of toppings. A slightly sparkling red wine like Lambrusco is a fantastic partner, especially for pizzas with tomato-based sauces. This brings back great memories of date nights from our younger (ok, much younger) days 🙂 The bubbles and acidity cut through the richness of the cheese while complementing the tomato’s acidity. Lambrusco’s slight sweetness and tannins balance salty cured meats like pepperoni or prosciutto, while its fruitiness complements vegetable toppings like mushrooms and olives.

    Budget Tip: Lambrusco from the Emilia-Romagna region is often very affordable and versatile enough for a range of pizzas.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends (under $20): Venturini Baldini Marchese Manodori Lambrusco

    Burgers and Zinfandel: Elevating Comfort Food

    For those who love a good burger, consider pairing it with a bold Zinfandel. The wine’s juicy, ripe fruit flavors, peppery spice, and medium tannins pair wonderfully with a burger’s charred exterior and savory toppings. The slight sweetness of Zinfandel can complement barbecue sauce, caramelized onions, or even a slice of cheddar cheese.

    Budget Tip: Look for Zinfandel from California’s Lodi region, known for offering great wines at reasonable prices.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends (under $20): Zinfandelic Lodi Zinfandel 2021

    Pairing Strategies for Diverse Dishes at the Same Table

    When diners at a single table are ordering different dishes, finding a wine that complements all of them can be a challenge. Here are a few strategies:

    Opt for Versatile Wines

    Choose a wine known for its versatility, such as a sparkling wine, rosé, or a medium-bodied white like Chenin Blanc. Sparkling wines’ acidity and bubbles cleanse the palate, making them a good choice for a range of flavors. Rosés, especially those from Provence, offer freshness and a balance of fruit and acidity, which pairs well with various dishes, from seafood to grilled meats. Chenin Blanc, particularly from the Loire Valley, can have a combination of bright acidity, fruit, and minerality that pairs with both lighter fare and richer dishes.

    Focus on Flavor Intensity

    When selecting a wine to suit different dishes, consider the intensity of flavors. If most dishes are light, like salads or seafood, a light-bodied white wine such as Pinot Grigio or Albariño could work. For heartier dishes, a medium-bodied red like Pinot Noir or Grenache could provide enough structure to pair well without overpowering lighter dishes.

    Pinot Grigio (Pinot Gris, Grauburgunder) – Mark Smith, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

    Choose a High-Acidity Wine

    High-acidity wines are food-friendly because they cleanse the palate and refresh the senses between bites. A Sauvignon Blanc from New Zealand, with its herbaceous notes, pairs well with salads, seafood, and even dishes with tomato sauce. For red wine lovers, a Barbera from Italy, with its bright acidity and moderate tannins, pairs well with a range of dishes from pizza to poultry.

    Navigating Varying Budgets

    Not everyone wants or is able to spend a lot on a bottle of wine. Here are a few tips for finding great pairings on a budget:

    • Explore Lesser-Known Regions: Wines from lesser-known regions, such as Portuguese Vinho Verde or Chilean Carménère, offer excellent quality at a fraction of the price of more famous regions.
    • Look for Young Wines: Younger wines are often more affordable than aged wines and offer bright, fresh flavors that can be great for pairing with various dishes.
    • Go for Wine Styles Rather than Specific Labels: Focus on the style of wine rather than the specific label. For example, an unoaked Chardonnay from any region will likely have the crisp acidity needed to pair with lighter dishes.
    Cheers! – Jakob Montrasio from Saarbrücken, Germany, CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    Finding Common Ground in Wine Pairing

    Pairing wine with food should be fun and exploratory, not rigid or intimidating. Whether you choose to complement or contrast flavors, the key is to understand the underlying principles of balance, intensity, and flavor harmony. For mixed tables, versatile and high-acidity wines are your best bet. Always consider the personal preferences of your diners and be willing to experiment. With a little knowledge and creativity, you can turn every meal into a memorable wine and food pairing adventure. Cheers 🍷

    Cover photo credit: Photo by Ziu015fan u00d6zdemir on Pexels.com

  • The Science of Wine Aging

    The Science of Wine Aging

    Wine aging is a complex and fascinating process that transforms the flavors, aromas, and textures of a wine over time. This transformation is influenced by a myriad of factors, including grape variety, tannins, acidity, and storage conditions. Let’s delve into the science behind wine aging, explore the factors that affect this process, and provide some tips on how to properly age wine at home. We’ll also discuss ideal pairings for aged wines and the best way to enjoy wines with pronounced tertiary characteristics.

    Photo by Julia Volk on Pexels.com

    Aging wine is both an art and a science, requiring an understanding of the factors that influence a wine’s evolution over time.

    Gregory Dean, SOMM&SOMM

    Factors Affecting Wine Aging

    1. Grape Variety
      The grape variety is fundamental in determining a wine’s aging potential. Varieties like Cabernet Sauvignon, Nebbiolo, and Syrah, which are high in tannins and acidity, are known for their ability to age gracefully. On the other hand, lighter varieties such as Pinot Noir or Gamay typically have a shorter aging window due to their lower tannin and acidity levels.
    2. Tannins
      Tannins are naturally occurring polyphenols found in grape skins, seeds, and stems. They provide structure to a wine and act as a preservative, protecting it from oxidation. Over time, tannins polymerize, becoming longer and softer, which results in a smoother mouthfeel. Wines with high tannin content, such as Bordeaux blends or Barolo, tend to age longer and more gracefully than those with low tannins.
    3. Acidity
      Acidity acts as a backbone in wine, providing freshness and vibrancy. It helps balance out other elements like sugar and tannins. Higher acidity levels can extend a wine’s lifespan by slowing down oxidation. White wines like Riesling or Chenin Blanc, known for their high acidity, can age remarkably well, developing complex tertiary characteristics over decades.
    4. Alcohol Content
      The level of alcohol in wine plays a subtle but important role in aging. Generally, wines with moderate alcohol levels (12-14%) age better than those with very high or very low levels. Alcohol acts as a preservative, but too much can overpower the wine’s other flavors and aromas, while too little might not protect the wine adequately over time.
    5. Residual Sugar
      Sweet wines, such as Sauternes, Port, or Tokaji Aszú, can age for decades due to their high sugar content. Sugar acts as a natural preservative, allowing these wines to develop extraordinary complexity over time.
    6. Storage Conditions
      Proper storage is crucial for aging wine effectively. Temperature, humidity, light, and bottle position all play a role:
    • Temperature: Wine should be stored at a consistent temperature, ideally between 50-59°F (10-15°C). Fluctuations can cause the wine to expand and contract, potentially damaging the cork and allowing oxygen to enter.
    • Humidity: Humidity levels around 70% are ideal for keeping the cork moist and preventing it from drying out and shrinking, which would also allow oxygen ingress.
    • Light: Ultraviolet light can degrade and prematurely age wine, so wines should be stored in a dark environment.
    • Bottle Position: Storing bottles on their sides keeps the wine in contact with the cork, preventing it from drying out and shrinking.

    Tips for Aging Wine at Home

    1. Choose the Right Wines
      Not all wines are meant to age. Opt for wines known for their aging potential, such as Bordeaux, Barolo, Burgundy, Rioja, and certain Chardonnays. Look for high-quality wines with good balance, concentration, and structure.
    2. Invest in Proper Storage
      A wine fridge or cellar is essential if you’re serious about aging wine. These provide a controlled environment where temperature and humidity levels remain constant. Avoid storing wine in kitchen cabinets or near windows, where temperature fluctuations and light exposure can be damaging.
    3. Monitor Closures
      Corks are the traditional choice for aging wines, but they can deteriorate over time. Ensure corks are intact and avoid bottles with synthetic corks or screw caps for long-term aging, as these closures do not allow the same micro-oxygenation process that natural corks do.
    4. Check Regularly
      It’s a good idea to inspect your wine periodically to ensure that the corks are not compromised, the storage conditions are consistent, and the wines are developing as expected.
    5. Know When to Open
      Aging wine is a balance between patience and timing. Some wines peak at 5-10 years, while others may need decades. Research the wine’s aging potential and keep notes on your tasting experiences to decide the best time to open.

    Related Article: Exploring Wine Enclosures: Cork, Screw Cap, and Beyond

    Perfect Pairings for Aged Wines

    Pairing aged wines requires careful consideration to complement their evolved flavor profiles:

    1. Red Bordeaux (Left Bank)
    • Aging Potential: 10-30+ years
    • Tertiary Characteristics: Cedar, leather, tobacco, dried fruit
    • Pairings: Aged cheeses like Comté or Gruyère, roasted lamb with rosemary, wild mushroom risotto, or beef Wellington.
    1. Barolo
    • Aging Potential: 15-40+ years
    • Tertiary Characteristics: Truffle, rose petals, tar, dried cherry
    • Pairings: Braised meats (e.g., osso buco), truffle pasta, game dishes, or aged Parmesan.
    1. Vintage Port
    • Aging Potential: 20-50+ years
    • Tertiary Characteristics: Figs, nuts, chocolate, caramel
    • Pairings: Stilton cheese, dark chocolate desserts, or roasted nuts.

    Related Article: The History, Tradition, and Elegance of Port Wine

    1. White Burgundy (Chardonnay)
    • Aging Potential: 10-20+ years
    • Tertiary Characteristics: Hazelnut, honey, brioche, dried apricot
    • Pairings: Lobster with beurre blanc, roast chicken with herbs, or mushroom dishes.
    1. German Riesling (Trocken or Kabinett)
    • Aging Potential: 15-30+ years
    • Tertiary Characteristics: Petrol, honey, dried citrus peel, lanolin
    • Pairings: Spicy Asian cuisine (like Thai or Szechuan), duck with orange sauce, or rich, creamy cheeses.

    Enjoying Wines with High Tertiary Characteristics

    Wines that have been aged to develop tertiary characteristics—those aromas and flavors that emerge over time, such as earth, mushroom, nuts, and dried fruits—should be approached with care to maximize enjoyment:

    1. Decanting:
      Older wines can have sediment, so decanting is recommended to separate the clear wine from the sediment. However, don’t over-decant; 30 minutes to an hour is often sufficient to let the wine breathe without losing its delicate aromas.
    2. Serve at the Right Temperature:
    • Reds: Serve slightly below room temperature, around 60-65°F (15-18°C).
    • Whites: Serve around 50-55°F (10-13°C).
    • Over-chilling will mute the complex flavors, while too warm can make the wine seem flabby or overly alcoholic.

    Related Article: Wine Service: Proper Serving Temperatures

    1. Use Proper Glassware:
      Use a glass with a wide bowl to allow the wine to open up and direct the wine to the appropriate parts of the palate. Bordeaux glasses are great for reds with high tannins, while Burgundy glasses are better for delicate, aromatic reds.
    2. Savor Slowly:
      Aged wines often have complex layers that unfold over time. Take small sips and allow the wine to linger on your palate, noticing how the flavors evolve from the initial taste to the finish.
    3. Consider the Atmosphere:
      Aged wines are best enjoyed in a calm, contemplative setting where you can fully appreciate their nuances. Avoid overpowering food aromas, loud environments, or distractions that can detract from the tasting experience.

    Related Article: Crafting the Perfect Wine Tasting Experience

    Photo by Maria Orlova on Pexels.com

    Aging wine is both an art and a science, requiring an understanding of the factors that influence a wine’s evolution over time. By carefully selecting wines with aging potential, storing them under optimal conditions, and knowing when and how to enjoy them, you can experience the rich tapestry of flavors and aromas that only time can bring. Remember, the joy of aged wine lies not just in its taste but in the journey it has taken to reach your glass. Cheers to the adventure 🍷

  • Celebrating Labor Day

    Celebrating Labor Day

    A Toast to Tradition and Togetherness.

    Labor Day is more than just a long weekend marking the unofficial end of summer. It’s a time to celebrate the contributions of American workers and enjoy one last hurrah before the autumn leaves begin to fall. Whether you’re planning a barbecue, a beach outing, or a backyard get-together, Labor Day offers the perfect opportunity to gather with friends and family for food, fun, and festivity. And while many of us associate the holiday with beers, burgers, and barbecue, there’s a rich history behind this beloved day, as well as a host of traditions—some typical, some downright bizarre—that make it uniquely American.

    A Brief History of Labor Day

    President Grover Cleveland

    Labor Day dates back to the late 19th century, a time when the American labor movement was gaining momentum. Workers were fighting for fair wages, reasonable hours, and safer working conditions—a struggle that led to strikes, protests, and, unfortunately, some violence. The first Labor Day was celebrated on September 5, 1882, in New York City, organized by the Central Labor Union. It was a day for workers to take a break, march in parades, and enjoy a picnic with their families. The idea caught on quickly, and by 1894, President Grover Cleveland signed a law making Labor Day a national holiday, celebrated on the first Monday in September.

    Traditions Across the Country

    Labor Day traditions vary widely across the country, with some being more typical than others. In many places, it’s all about the barbecue. In the Midwest, you’ll find families grilling up bratwurst and corn on the cob, while in the South, pulled pork and coleslaw reign supreme. On the East Coast, you might encounter a clambake, complete with lobster, mussels, and corn steamed over seaweed. And in the West, it’s not uncommon to see folks firing up the grill for a late-season cookout featuring fresh, local produce and Pacific seafood.

    Burning Man Festival – dvsross, CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    But some traditions are a bit more unusual. In Nevada, the annual “Burning Man” festival, which started as a small gathering on Baker Beach in San Francisco in 1986, has become a massive, week-long event in the Black Rock Desert, drawing tens of thousands of people for an eclectic mix of art, music, and community. Meanwhile, in the small town of Hoisington, Kansas, the Labor Day weekend is marked by a unique tradition: turtle races. Yes, you read that right—locals and visitors alike bring their fastest turtles to compete in a lighthearted competition that has been a town staple for decades.

    Food and Drink: Pairing Suggestions for Labor Day

    No Labor Day celebration is complete without a spread of delicious food and drinks. Here are a few ideas to ensure everyone at your gathering, whether they prefer alcoholic or non-alcoholic options, feels welcome and engaged.

    Appetizers:

    • Guacamole and Chips: Always a crowd-pleaser, and pairs well with a classic margarita or a refreshing limeade.
    • Deviled Eggs: These are versatile and can be spiced up with different flavors. Serve with a crisp Sauvignon Blanc or a sparkling water infused with cucumber and mint.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Grgich Hills Estate Sauvignon Blanc 2021

    Main Course:

    • Grilled Burgers and Hot Dogs: You can’t go wrong with the classics. Pair them with a hoppy IPA or a frothy root beer for those who prefer non-alcoholic options.
    • Pulled Pork Sandwiches: These are perfect for a more Southern-inspired feast. A full-bodied Zinfandel complements the smoky, sweet flavors, while a cold, non-alcoholic apple cider is a great alternative.
    • Grilled Veggie Skewers: For your vegetarian guests, these skewers can be loaded with seasonal vegetables. A light Pinot Grigio pairs beautifully, or try a kombucha for a non-alcoholic pairing that’s equally delightful.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Chateau Montelena Estate Zinfandel 2021

    Side Dishes:

    • Coleslaw: A must-have at any barbecue, the tangy crunch of coleslaw pairs nicely with a crisp Riesling or a ginger beer.
    • Baked Beans: Rich and hearty, these beans are a great match for a robust Syrah or a classic lemonade.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Red Newt Cellars The Knoll Riesling 2018

    Desserts:

    • Peach Cobbler: This end-of-summer dessert is a sweet way to finish the meal. Pair with a dessert wine like Moscato d’Asti or an iced tea infused with fresh peaches.
    • S’mores: Gather around the fire pit and enjoy this nostalgic treat. A glass of port is a perfect match for the rich chocolate and marshmallow, while a hot cocoa is a cozy, non-alcoholic choice.

    Toast to the Holiday

    Here’s to the hands that built this land, the hearts that keep it strong, and the minds that push us forward. On this Labor Day, we celebrate the sweat of our brow, the joy of our gathering, and the bonds that unite us. May our hard work lead to well-earned rest, our challenges to shared success, and our toasts to lasting memories. Cheers to the labor that makes life sweet, and to the moments that make it even sweeter. Happy Labor Day!

    Gregory Dean, SOMM&SOMM

    Whether you’re hosting a backyard barbecue, attending a community parade, or simply enjoying a day off, Labor Day is a time to relax, reflect, and rejoice. It’s a celebration of the hard work that keeps our country running and a chance to gather with loved ones to enjoy the fruits of that labor.

    So, this Labor Day, raise a glass—whether it’s filled with wine, beer, or a sparkling water toast—to the workers who have shaped our nation. And remember, the best pairings aren’t just about food and drink; they’re about the people you share them with. Cheers to a happy, healthy, and harmonious holiday! 🍷

  • Exploring Latitude Parallels

    Exploring Latitude Parallels

    A Journey Through Parallel Wine Regions.

    The magical journey of wine begins in the vineyard, where the marriage of grape varietals and terroir sets the stage for a unique expression of flavor, aroma, and texture. As a professional sommelier and wine educator, I find endless fascination in comparing and contrasting grape varietals from regions around the world that share the same latitude. The 30 to 50 degrees latitude range, often referred to as the “wine belt,” is where the vast majority of the world’s wine-producing grapes are grown. Within this band, diverse climates and terroirs give rise to an extraordinary array of wine styles, even when the same varietal is planted. Let’s explore several mainstream grape varietals, their parallel regions across the globe, and the nuanced differences in the wines they produce.

    The Wine Belt – SOMM&SOMM Illustration

    Pinot Noir: Burgundy vs. Oregon vs. New Zealand

    Latitude Parallel: ~45°N (Burgundy, France; Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA) | ~45°S (Central Otago, New Zealand)

    Burgundy, France:
    The legendary home of Pinot Noir, Burgundy is often considered the benchmark against which all other Pinot Noirs are measured. The cool continental climate, coupled with the region’s limestone-rich soils, gives rise to wines of unparalleled elegance and complexity. Burgundian Pinot Noirs are known for their subtlety—think delicate red fruit aromas of cherry and raspberry, intertwined with earthy undertones of forest floor, mushroom, and a hint of minerality. The palate often reveals a silken texture with fine-grained tannins and a lingering, refined finish. The expression here is one of finesse, with a balance that allows the terroir to shine through.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Domaine Antonin Guyon Aloxe-Corton Les Fournieres Premier Cru 2020

    Willamette Valley, Oregon:
    At a similar latitude but across the Atlantic and a continent, Oregon’s Willamette Valley produces Pinot Noir that is both distinctive and reminiscent of its Burgundian counterparts. The maritime climate, with its cool, wet winters and dry, warm summers, creates ideal conditions for this temperamental grape. Oregon Pinot Noirs tend to showcase more vibrant fruit character—ripe red berries, plum, and even hints of blueberry. There’s often a spicy, herbal quality to the wines, with notes of clove, cinnamon, and sometimes a touch of cola. The texture is plush, with a slightly fuller body than Burgundy, yet still retaining that signature Pinot Noir elegance.

    SOMM&SOMM Spotlight Winery: Adelsheim Vineyard

    Central Otago, New Zealand:
    On the other side of the globe, Central Otago offers a completely different expression of Pinot Noir, despite sharing a similar latitude. The region’s unique combination of intense sunlight, high altitude, and cool climate results in wines that are bolder and more fruit-forward. Central Otago Pinot Noirs burst with dark cherry, blackberry, and plum flavors, often accompanied by a distinctive minerality and a touch of wild herbaceousness. The wines tend to have a more robust structure, with firmer tannins and higher alcohol levels, giving them a richer, more powerful presence on the palate.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Felton Road Cornish Point Pinot Noir 2021

    Chardonnay: Chablis vs. Margaret River vs. Mendoza

    Latitude Parallel: ~47°N (Chablis, France) | ~34°S (Margaret River, Australia) | ~32°S (Mendoza, Argentina)

    Chablis, France:
    In the northernmost part of Burgundy, Chablis is renowned for its steely, mineral-driven Chardonnay. The cool climate and Kimmeridgian limestone soils imbue these wines with a racy acidity and a distinct flinty character. Chablis is the epitome of an unoaked Chardonnay, where the fruit takes a backseat to the sharp, precise expression of terroir. Expect flavors of green apple, lemon zest, and a subtle saline quality that speaks to the marine origins of the soil. The finish is clean, crisp, and refreshingly austere—a true reflection of the Chablisien terroir.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Simonnet-Febvre Chablis Fourchaume Premier Cru 2022

    Margaret River, Australia:
    Traveling southward, the Margaret River region of Western Australia offers a warmer, maritime-influenced take on Chardonnay. Here, the wines are richer and more opulent, often with a judicious use of oak to add complexity. Margaret River Chardonnays are known for their creamy texture, with ripe stone fruit flavors of peach, nectarine, and apricot, layered with notes of cashew, buttered toast, and a hint of vanilla. Despite the warmer climate, the wines maintain a lively acidity that balances the lush fruit, making them both generous and refreshing.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Vasse Felix Chardonnay 2022

    Mendoza, Argentina:
    Further up in the Andes, Mendoza’s high-altitude vineyards produce Chardonnays that are both powerful and nuanced. The intense sunlight at these elevations allows for full ripeness, while the cool nights preserve acidity, creating a dynamic interplay in the wines. Mendoza Chardonnays often exhibit ripe tropical fruit flavors—pineapple, mango, and banana—alongside more traditional citrus and green apple notes. Oak is used to varying degrees, adding layers of spice, smoke, and a creamy texture. The wines have a broad, mouth-filling quality, with a finish that often reveals a touch of minerality from the mountain soils.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: El Enemigo Chardonnay 2021

    Syrah/Shiraz: Rhône Valley vs. Barossa Valley vs. Washington State

    Latitude Parallel: ~45°N (Rhône Valley, France) | ~34°S (Barossa Valley, Australia) | ~46°N (Walla Walla, Washington, USA)

    Rhône Valley, France:
    Syrah finds its most classical expression in the northern Rhône, particularly in appellations like Hermitage and Côte-Rôtie. The continental climate, with its hot summers and cold winters, combined with steep, granite-laden slopes, produces wines of immense complexity and longevity. Rhône Syrahs are marked by dark fruit—blackberry, blackcurrant, and plum—complemented by savory notes of black olive, smoked meat, and pepper. The tannins are firm yet well-integrated, providing a sturdy backbone for the wine’s concentrated flavors. As they age, these wines develop additional layers of earth, leather, and truffle, becoming even more profound and intricate.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Guigal Cote Rotie Brune et Blonde 2020

    Barossa Valley, Australia:
    In contrast, Australia’s Barossa Valley offers a warmer, sun-drenched take on Syrah, known locally as Shiraz. The Barossa’s hot climate and ancient, iron-rich soils result in wines that are rich, ripe, and full-bodied. Barossa Shiraz is often characterized by its bold fruit flavors—ripe blackberry, blueberry, and dark cherry—coupled with sweet spice notes of cinnamon, clove, and chocolate. The tannins are plush and velvety, creating a wine that is immediately approachable, yet capable of aging. There’s an inherent warmth and generosity to Barossa Shiraz, making it a favorite for those who enjoy robust, fruit-driven wines.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: Yalumba Steeple Vineyard Shiraz 2018

    Walla Walla, Washington, USA:
    Moving back to the northern hemisphere, Washington State’s Walla Walla Valley offers yet another expression of Syrah. The region’s diverse soils and unique climate—marked by hot, dry summers and cool nights—produce wines that are somewhere between the Rhône and Barossa in style. Walla Walla Syrahs often exhibit a mix of dark fruit and savory characteristics, with blackberry, plum, and blueberry flavors sitting alongside notes of black pepper, olive tapenade, and tobacco. The wines tend to have a firm structure, with a balance of acidity and tannin that lends itself to aging. There’s often a touch of minerality and earthiness that adds complexity, reflecting the varied terroir of the region.

    SOMM&SOMM Recommends: K Vintners Powerline Syrah 2019

    Exploring wines from regions that share the same latitude is a journey through the intricacies of terroir, climate, and winemaking philosophy. While latitude plays a significant role in shaping the character of a wine, it is the combination of factors—soil composition, altitude, sunlight, and the winemaker’s touch—that ultimately defines the final product. Each of these regions, despite their shared latitude, offers a unique expression of the same grape varietal, showcasing the endless diversity and richness of the world of wine. Whether it’s the elegance of a Burgundian Pinot Noir, the richness of a Barossa Shiraz, or the crispness of a Chablis, there is always something new to discover in the glass.

  • Sipping the Notes

    Sipping the Notes

    The Harmonious Symphony of Wine and Jazz.

    There’s an undeniable magic in the moment when the smooth sound of a saxophone glides through the air, accompanied by the gentle clink of wine glasses. For those of us who live at the intersection of wine and jazz, each sip and note seem to intertwine, creating a sensory experience that transcends the ordinary. As a professional wine educator and seasoned saxophonist, I find joy in drawing parallels between the world’s finest wines and the legends of jazz who have left an indelible mark on the music world. Let’s take a journey together, comparing and contrasting the greats of both realms, discovering how each wine and musician share an unspoken kinship.

    Miles Davis – Cabernet Sauvignon

    Miles Davis – Tom Palumbo from New York City, USA, CC BY-SA 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    The Evolution of Cool

    Just as Miles Davis revolutionized jazz with his ever-evolving sound, the Cabernet Sauvignon has similarly adapted and thrived across different regions and styles. Davis, known for his versatility and innovation, shifted from the cool, minimalist approach of “Kind of Blue” to the electric fusion of “Bitches Brew.” Cabernet Sauvignon, too, shows its chameleon-like nature. In Bordeaux, it’s the epitome of sophistication and balance—think of Davis’s earlier work, which was both complex and accessible. Then there’s the bold, robust Cabernets of Napa Valley, reflecting the artist’s later, more audacious ventures.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Enjoy a glass of Château Margaux, a Bordeaux classic (also my favorite First Growth), while listening to “So What.” Its structure and refinement are reminiscent of Davis’s impeccable control and technique. For something with a bit more punch, try a Napa Valley Cabernet like Opus One with “Miles Runs the Voodoo Down”—a full-bodied wine that captures the intensity and daring spirit of this jazz icon.

    Ella Fitzgerald – Champagne

    The Voice of Elegance

    Ella Fitzgerald
    Courtesy the Fraser MacPherson estate c/o Guy MacPherson, CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    Ella Fitzgerald, the First Lady of Song, embodies the elegance, effervescence, and timeless appeal of Champagne. With her flawless diction, impeccable timing, and playful yet sophisticated approach to scat singing, Ella’s voice is as sparkling as the bubbles in a flute of Champagne. She could take a standard and elevate it to new heights, much like how the finest Champagne turns any occasion into a celebration.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Pour a glass of Dom Pérignon and cue up “Summertime” from “Porgy and Bess.” The delicate mousse and vibrant acidity of the Champagne perfectly complement Ella’s effortless phrasing and crystalline tone. Each bubble dances on your palate, just as each note she sings floats effortlessly into the air.

    John Coltrane – Syrah

    John Coltrane – Gelderen, Hugo van / Anefo, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

    The Intensity of Genius

    John Coltrane’s music is a journey—a spiritual quest that dives deep into the human experience. His complex improvisations and the raw emotion in his playing demand a wine that can match that depth and intensity. Enter Syrah, particularly from the Rhône Valley. This grape produces wines with a rich, brooding character, full of dark fruit, pepper, and earthy undertones—just like Coltrane’s “A Love Supreme,” which is both profound and introspective.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Sip on a bottle of Hermitage, a Syrah from the Northern Rhône, while listening to “Naima.” The wine’s bold flavors and complexity mirror the layers in Coltrane’s playing, offering a meditative and almost transcendent experience. The interplay of tannins and acidity in the wine reflects the tension and release in his solos, making for a pairing that resonates deeply.

    Billie Holiday – Pinot Noir

    Billie Holiday – William P. Gottlieb, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

    The Soul of Sorrow

    Billie Holiday’s voice, with its unique timbre and emotional depth, is synonymous with sorrow and beauty. Her ability to convey pain, longing, and love in her songs is akin to the delicate balance found in Pinot Noir. This grape, notoriously difficult to cultivate, produces wines that are elegant, complex, and often haunting. Just as Billie’s voice could break your heart with a single note, a well-crafted Pinot Noir can evoke a wide range of emotions with its layers of flavor and silky texture.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Pour a glass of Burgundy’s Domaine de la Romanée-Conti and listen to “Strange Fruit.” The wine’s earthiness and subtlety echo the melancholy and power in Holiday’s performance, each sip bringing you closer to the heart of the music. The way Pinot Noir reveals its character over time parallels how Billie’s voice unveils the depth of her soul.

    Duke Ellington – Bordeaux Blend

    Duke Ellington – Gordon Parks, Farm Security Administration, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

    The Master of Sophistication

    Duke Ellington was the epitome of sophistication and class, much like a Bordeaux blend. His compositions, marked by rich harmonies and intricate arrangements, are the jazz equivalent of a finely aged Bordeaux, where multiple grape varieties come together to create something greater than the sum of its parts. Ellington’s music is full of nuance, with layers of melody and rhythm that unfold with each listen—just as a Bordeaux blend reveals new flavors and aromas with every sip.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Pair Château Lafite Rothschild with “Take the ‘A’ Train.” The wine’s elegant structure, with its blend of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and other varietals, reflects the complexity of Ellington’s music. Each glass offers a new discovery, much like how repeated listens to Ellington’s works reveal the genius of his compositions.

    Louis Armstrong – Zinfandel

    Louis Armstrong – Herman Hiller, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

    The Joy of Life

    Louis Armstrong, with his infectious smile and gravelly voice, brought joy and warmth to every performance, much like the bold and lively Zinfandel. Known for its exuberant fruit flavors and spicy finish, Zinfandel is a wine that’s full of life, just as Armstrong’s music is. Whether it’s his trumpet playing or his singing, Louis had a way of connecting with audiences, making them feel the joy in every note.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Enjoy a glass of Ridge Vineyards’ Geyserville Zinfandel while listening to “What a Wonderful World.” The wine’s juicy red fruit and spice are a perfect match for the warmth and optimism in Armstrong’s voice. Each sip is a celebration of life, much like the song itself.

    Sarah Vaughan – Chardonnay

    Sarah Vaughn – Aurelio Jose Barrera, Los Angeles Times, CC BY 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    The Velvet Voice

    Sarah Vaughan’s voice, with its rich, velvety texture and incredible range, is the embodiment of a well-crafted Chardonnay. Whether she was singing a tender ballad or a swinging jazz standard, Vaughan’s voice was always smooth, luxurious, and deeply expressive. Chardonnay, particularly from Burgundy, shares that same versatility and depth, with a creamy mouthfeel and flavors that can range from crisp apple to buttery vanilla.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Pair a glass of Meursault with “Misty.” The wine’s full-bodied, buttery texture and complex flavors are a perfect complement to Vaughan’s lush vocal delivery. Each sip and note is a reminder of the sheer beauty and elegance that both Chardonnay and Vaughan bring to the table.

    Charlie Parker – Riesling

    The Brilliant Maverick

    Charlie Parker – pinelife, CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

    Charlie Parker, also known as “Bird,” was a brilliant and innovative force in jazz, known for his lightning-fast improvisations and complex chord progressions. Riesling, often misunderstood but highly regarded by connoisseurs, shares that same sense of daring and brilliance. This grape can produce wines that are sweet or dry, but always with a bright acidity and a clarity of flavor that cuts through the richness—much like Parker’s alto sax did in the bebop era.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Sip on a German Riesling from the Mosel, such as Egon Müller Scharzhofberger, while listening to “Ornithology.” The wine’s vibrant acidity and minerality mirror Parker’s quicksilver playing, with each sip offering a new burst of flavor, just as each phrase from Parker’s sax brought something new and unexpected.

    Nina Simone – Port

    Nina Simone – Ron Kroon for Anefo Restored by Bammesk, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

    The Powerhouse of Emotion

    Nina Simone’s voice, deep and powerful, is a force of nature. Her music, often charged with emotion and social commentary, demands a wine that can stand up to that intensity. Port, with its rich sweetness and strong alcohol content, is a wine that’s full of power and depth, much like Simone’s performances. Whether she was singing about love or revolution, Nina’s music hits you with the full force of her emotions, much like a sip of vintage Port.

    A Sipping Experience:
    Pair a glass of Taylor’s Vintage Port with “Feeling Good.” The wine’s deep, dark fruit flavors and intense sweetness are a perfect match for Simone’s powerful vocals and the sense of triumph in the song. Each sip lingers on the palate, just as Simone’s voice lingers in the mind long after the song is over.

    In both wine and jazz, there is an art to finding the perfect balance, the right expression, and the connection that resonates deep within us.

    Gregory Dean, SOMM&SOMM
    Evening of Jazz!

    Whether it’s a saxophone solo that brings a tear to your eye or a glass of wine that leaves you speechless, the beauty lies in the experience—one that is as much about what you bring to it as what you take away. So, next time you pour a glass of wine and put on a jazz record, take a moment to savor the connection between these two timeless forms of art. After all, life is best enjoyed when you sip to the rhythm of your own beat. Cheers 🍷

  • The Unifying Power of Wine

    The Unifying Power of Wine

    Finding Common Ground in a Divided World.

    As a wine educator and sommelier, one of my greatest joys is witnessing the magic that unfolds when people come together to share a bottle of wine. There is something inherently beautiful about the way wine has the power to bring us together, allowing us to appreciate the nuances of flavor, aroma, and history in each glass. But, as with any gathering, there are times when the conversation veers into contentious territory—often politics. 

    In these moments, I am reminded of the importance of finding common ground. During this political season, the divide between parties can feel insurmountable, and the disagreements can overshadow the shared experience of enjoying wine. Yet, it is precisely in these moments of division that we need to remember the value of open-mindedness and the joy of coming together over a shared passion.

    The Art of Listening and Appreciating

    Much like wine tasting, where we take the time to savor and appreciate the complex layers of a fine vintage, conversations require a similar approach. Listening, truly listening, to another person’s perspective is an art. It involves setting aside preconceived notions and being open to understanding why someone believes what they do, even if it differs from our own views.

    In wine, we celebrate diversity—whether it’s the terroir of a French vineyard or the innovative techniques of a new-world winemaker. This appreciation for diversity should extend to our interactions with others. Just as we wouldn’t dismiss a wine without tasting it, we shouldn’t dismiss someone’s political views without understanding their experiences and reasons behind them.

    Avoiding the Debate Trap

    One of the most important lessons I’ve learned over the years is the futility of trying to change someone’s mind in a heated debate. Much like trying to convince a steadfast Merlot drinker to appreciate the complexities of Chardonnay, political beliefs are deeply personal and often resistant to change through argument alone.

    Instead of focusing on what divides us, we can choose to steer the conversation back to what unites us. Wine offers a perfect metaphor here. Think about how wine enhances a meal, elevating the experience with each sip and bite. Similarly, finding common ground in our conversations can enrich our interactions, leaving us with a sense of connection rather than division.

    Wine has a unique way of bringing people together, transcending boundaries and fostering a sense of community. It is in this spirit of unity that we should approach our gatherings, especially during politically charged times. By focusing on our shared love of wine, we can create an environment where differences are respected and appreciated, rather than sources of conflict.

    Consider the vineyard, where each grape variety contributes to the complexity of the final blend. Every voice and perspective adds depth to our collective experience. Just as no single grape makes a wine, no single viewpoint defines our humanity. By embracing this diversity, we can foster conversations that are rich, meaningful, and ultimately unifying.

    Let us choose unity over division, respect over conflict, and understanding over debate.

    Gregory Dean, SOMM&SOMM

    Cultivating Respect and Understanding

    At the heart of every great wine and every great conversation is respect. Respect for the craft, for the land, and for each other. During this political season, let us remember to cultivate this respect in our interactions. Approach each conversation with an open mind, not expecting to sway someone’s position, but to understand and appreciate their perspective.

    Wine teaches us patience and appreciation. It reminds us that the best experiences are those we share with others, in moments of connection and joy. As we navigate this season of division, let us hold onto the lessons wine offers: to savor the present moment, to listen with an open heart, and to find common ground in the shared beauty of life.

    In the end, wine brings us together, while politics often divides us. Let us choose unity over division, respect over conflict, and understanding over debate. In doing so, we honor not only the wine in our glasses but the richness of our shared humanity. Cheers to finding common ground, one glass at a time. Cheers 🍷